Problems of National Integration between East and West Pakistan Purpose of this section This section covers the problems of national integration between East and West Pakistan. In response to the war of 1965 between Pakistan and India, during which East-Pakistan … Both wings were different in the term of economy, culture and language. what is example of south asian regional geopolitics exemplifies the tensions between pakistan and india. This evident educational disparity, we argue, cannot be attributed to regional differences in school age population, school types, the quality and unit cost of schooling. War over Bangladesh. Language Movement ?Emerging disparities between the two wings of Pakistan, in terms of economic development, deface and other sectors. During this period, the total number of primary schools in Ea st Pakistan declined, leading to overcrowding of existing schools and classrooms. the early 1950s, disparity of per capita incomes between East and West Pakistan had been w idening, ho wever. On the other hand, despite being endowed with fewer schools, West Pakistan surpassed East Pakistan in the total number of primary schools, and in teacher-student ratios. The separation of East Pakistan was a great setback to Pakistan. A communist political party took control of East Pakistan. Dismemberment of Pakistan was caused by leaders from West as well as East Pakistan. These would reach a crisis point in 1971 under the martial law of Ayub Khan’s successor, General Yahya Khan, when a civil war began that would bring about an independent Bangladesh in what was formerly East Pakistan. The surrender led to the disintegration of East and West Pakistan and the establishment of Bangladesh. And for India, the politico-military-strategic situations of 1971 that emerged from the obdurate Pakistani civil-military establishments were just a fait accompli. Downloadable! This paper documents the regional divide in educational facilities between East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan between 1947 and 1971. Pakistan finally recognized Bangladesh at the Islamic Conference in Lahore on February 22, 1974. West Pakistan was predominately Muslim; East Pakistan had non-Muslim minority. It sweeps through the statistics on immigrant populations (higher in the west) and on poverty, pensioners and electoral support for the Left Party Die … india's support for east pakistan's secession from west pakistan. They started diplomatic, political and economical and logistical support to the people of Eest-Pakistan. This tragically resulted in the brutal and violent amputation of Pakistan's Eastern Wing. A lot of tension exists between East and West Pakistan, as there is a great wealth divide between them. East Pakistan was one-seventh of the whole in area but its population exceeded the total population of all the provinces and state in the West Pakistan. Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. Political Disparity East Bengal became subjected to political discrimination immediately after the birth of the state of Pakistan. In response, East Pakistan attempted to secede from the As a result, a wide gap was in the relation between East and West Pakistan. While p er capita income in East Pakistan rose by 0 .7 per But the Pakistani government decided to impose Urdu as its Lingua Franca is both East and West Pakistan. The combination of East and West Pakistan (modernly known as Bangladesh and Pakistan, respectively) by the Partition of India was one of the worst mistakes made in history. discontent among the students, intelligentsia and political parties of East Pakistan. On the other hand, despite of being endowed with fewer schools, West Pakistan surpassed East Pakistan in number of primary schools and in teacher per student ratio. By 1970, sentiments for national unity had weakened in East Pakistan to the extent that constant conflict between the two Wings dramatically erupted into mass civil disorder. Pakistan’s pluralism was further undermined following heightened tensions between East and West Pakistan. During this period, the total number of primary schools in East Pakistan declined, lead-ing to overcrowding of existing schools and classrooms. Even the common people of East Bengal started speculating on the motives of the anti-Bengali ruling elite. B. Primarily to resolve the problem of political representation with East Pakistan, the Centre coerced four Pakistani ethnic nationalities/provinces to form one administrative unit: the single province of West Pakistan emerged in September 1955.4This integration not only secured the dominance of the Punjabis and the Muhajirs over other ethnic groups within West Pakistan, it also boosted the bargaining power … Whereas between 1947-48 and 1960-61, capital investment for development purpose amounted to 172 crore rupees for East Pakistan, it was 430 crore Rupees for West Pakistan. The government argued that decision of making Urdu as the national language of Pakistan was just as Hindi was the state Political Discrimination: The government’s headquarters were established in the Western Wing. The capital of Pakistan was Karachi in West Pakistan and was moved to Islamabad in 1958. A deep rooted internal dissension and conflict between the East and the West Pakistan played a crucial role. As a result, East Pakistan creates a new political party which wins the majority vote in the election. You had Sindhi, Punjabi, Urdu etc. In the past elections the apportionment was equal numbers of delegaltes from the East and the West. In addition, the physical boundary is uncertain: the 1893 Durand Line was used by West Pakistan to mark the border between the two countries, but Afghanistan has never recognised that frontier. Both of the two important posts of Pakistan were occupied by West Pakistan. A. India helped West Pakistan gain its independence. By Dr. Akmal Hussain In Pakistan, historically, regional economic disparity has been an important political issue. East Pakistan’s increasing demand for self-determination was attempted to be suppressed in West Pakistan’s Operation Searchlight, widely regarded today as the 1971 Bangladesh Genocide. When people of East-Pakistan started hatred from West-Pakistan that created an uncertain situation and that uncertain situation was utilized by Indian Government very properly. what term is a more meaningful measure of people and area. East Punjab and West Bengal formed part of modern-day India; West Punjab and East Bengal, along with three other provinces, together formed Pakistan. Which was the eventual outcome of the conflict between East Pakistan and West Pakistan in 1971? INTRODUCTION The separation of East Pakistan was a great setback to Pakistan. As the majority ethnic population in East Pakistan, the Bengali had complained about their very small representation at … This led to major protests (Bhasha Andolan) in East Pakistan as they felt it was being imposed to subdue the rich Bengali culture and language. Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan between 1947 and 1971. Pakistan - Pakistan - Government and society: In 1947 the newly independent Pakistan consisted of two distinct parts: the smaller but more densely populated East Pakistan, centred on the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta region, and the much larger West Pakistan, occupying the northwestern portion of the Indian subcontinent. During the 1960's the economic disparity between East and West Pakistan fuelled the movement for provincial autonomy in East Pakistan and subsequently the movement for national independence in what became Bangladesh in 1971. The separation of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) from Pakistan in 1971 was a result political discrimination against its Bengali citizens. The long border between Afghanistan and West Pakistan was uneasy. period marked by mass repression, resentment, and political neglect and ignorance. On the other hand, de-spite being endowed with fewer schools, West Pakistan surpassed East Pakistan physiologic density. At the same time, the earning of East Pakistan from foreign trade, of jute, for instance, was differed to West Pakistan. However, due to discrimination in economy and ruling powers against them, the East Pakistanis vigorously protested and declared independence on March 26, 1971 under the leadership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. This is due in part to the independent Pashtun tribes that inhabit the area. The physical separation between eastern and western Pakistan, with Indian territory in between, put Pakistan at a serious disadvantage from its inception. The causes of the defeat in East Pakistan of the army which resulted in separation of East Pakistan from the West Pakistan. A local women's rights group in Pakistan says the number of incidents of violence against women in Pakistan has increased at least seven percent over the past year. After 25 years, the East Pakistanis declared themselves independent and renamed their Province as Bangladesh. on the west and Bengali on the East. 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